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https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-east-asian-studies/article/electoral-reform-and-the-costs-of-personal-support-in-japan/6A9A4968BF042AA19F24033F6302F33A
Electoral Reform and the Costs of Personal Support in Japan - Volume 6 Issue 2 - Matthew M. Carlson Skip to main content We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites.Cited by: 6
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260142206_Electoral_Reform_and_the_Costs_of_Personal_Support_in_Japan
Electoral Reform and the Costs of Personal Support in Japan Article in Journal of East Asian Studies 6(2):233-258 · August 2006 with 17 Reads How we measure 'reads'
https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/23417903.pdf
Electoral Reform and the Costs of Personal Support in Japan Created Date: 20160810234904Z ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Japanese_Electoral_Reform
The 1994 electoral reform in Japan was a change from the previous single non-transferable vote (SNTV) system of multi-member districts (MMD) to a mixed electoral system of single-member districts (SMD) with plurality voting and a party list system with proportional representation.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/as.2006.46.3.362
Consequences of the Italian Mixed Electoral System (1994–2001),” a paper prepared for the con-ference on Elections and Democracy, University of Lisbon, February 1–2, 2002, pp. 19–20. For discussion on the use of support groups in Japan, see Matthew Carlson, “Electoral Reform and the Costs of Personal Support in Japan,”
http://aceproject.org/main/english/es/esy_jp.htm
Japan - Electoral Reform From 1947 through 1993 Japan used what they called the 'medium-sized district system' to elect the more powerful lower house of the Diet. This system can be best explained as a system of multi-member-districts (MMD), the simplest extension of single-member districts (SMD).
https://thediplomat.com/2016/02/japan-moves-slowly-toward-electoral-reform/
Japan Moves (Slowly) Toward Electoral Reform Prime Minister Abe has pushed forward the timetable for reform, but critics say his plan doesn’t go far enough. By Mina Pollmann for The Diplomat
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_general_election,_1993
It was a necessity for Japan to mobilize and control all human resources with a one-party stable government and an absolute majority in parliament to achieve rapid economic growth of the 1960s. The "mid-size constituency" electoral system allowed Japan to establish a stable government. The LDP, which averaged over 40 percent of the vote in the ...Turnout: 67.26% (6.05%)
http://archive.fairvote.org/reports/1995/chp7/lundberg.html
In 1994 Japan replaced its old electoral system, the single nontransferable vote (SNTV), with a new, mixed member system for the lower house of the Japanese Diet that combines plurality voting in single-member districts (for 300 seats) with regional, closed-list proportional representation (PR) for the remaining 200 seats.
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