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http://www.homeownersnetwork.com/booktopic/ceiling-joist-rafter-framing-details/
Design and support ridge, hip and valley rafters as beams, when the roof pitch is less than (<) 3/12. 6. Design and support the ridge as a beam and design the walls supporting the ridge board to bear the ridge board load, when framing cathedral and vaulted ceilings without ceiling joists and rafter ties.
https://www.jlconline.com/training-the-trades/one-way-to-lay-out-and-cut-a-hip-rafter_o
The key structural member is the hip rafter, which spans from the building corner to the peak or the ridge. Before we explain hip rafters, you need to understand how to lay out and cut common roof rafters; this is covered in “Cutting Common Rafters” (Mar/17). There are many variations on hip roofs and their construction, but for the purpose ...
https://www.proremodeler.com/solving-six-common-framing-problems
"At the ridge," not "by the ridge." There is a big difference. Depending on the length of the hip or valley rafter, you also might need an intermediate support. First, be sure you have good bearing for your hip and valley rafters on the top plate of the outside wall. These rafters must sit directly on the wall for bearing purposes.
https://forums.jlconline.com/forums/forum/jlc-online-expert-forums/rough-framing/9458-hip-and-valley-rafters
May 23, 2002 · Re: Hip and Valley Rafters Charles,I can understand that you don't understand. All members of a roof are structural because they have a part to play in the total design for load distribution, connection performance and stability. Jacks cannot and do not support hip rafters. To try and compare a ridge board with a hip rafter is erroneous.
https://www.iccsafe.org/forum/structural-intl-bldg-and-residl-codes/ridge-hip-sizing/
Mar 09, 2008 · The "hip rafter" acts in the similar way to a "ridge board". Then the "hip jack rafters" tie into the hip rafter the same as the "common rafters" tie into the ridge. You could also look in the Wood Frame Construction Manual (WFCM). It has a small section on hips and a table of sizes. ... collar ties and supports transfering the loads to the ...
https://www.constructionknowledge.net/public_domain_documents/Div_6_Woods_Plastics/Partial%20Carpentry%20pdfs/Roof_Framing_&_Roofing_%20Army_FM5-426.pdf
• Hip jack, which extends from the plate to the hip rafter. • Valley jack, which extends from the ridge of the valley rafter. • Cripple jack, which is placed between a hip rafter and a valley rafter. The cripple jack rafter is also part of a common rafter, but it touches neither the ridge of the roof nor the rafter plate.
https://www.eng-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=154338
May 10, 2006 · Each rafter that connects to a hip beam is supported at both ends: typically by the hip beam at the high end and by the bearing wall at the low end. So, the hip beam supports half of the load of the rafter. The jack rafters that frame into a valley beam normally frame into a ridge board (not a ridge beam) at the opposite end of the rafter.
http://www.jwkhomeinspections.com/blog/collar-ties-rafter-ties-purlins-san-antonio-home-inspector.html
Ceiling joists serving as rafter ties as seen in above image as needed were verified at the inspection of the San Antonio home seen in the photo. Purlin braces or any other roof braces, ridge braces, hip rafter bracing along with valley bracing must not be supported off the ceiling joists. Bracing must be installed off of walls or beams.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_rafter
A rafter is one of a series of sloped structural members such as wooden beams that extend from the ridge or hip to the wall plate, downslope perimeter or eave, and that are designed to support the roof deck and its associated loads. A pair of rafters is called a couple.In home construction, rafters are normally made of wood.Exposed rafters are a feature of some traditional roof styles.
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